. . . the sun rotates in or around the firmament above the earth lighting up parts of the world as it passes overhead, and creating darkness in its wake
That doesn't make sense at all. If the sun were high in the sky above a flat earth, it would light up all of the flat side of the earth at the same time.
The size of the sun is much smaller than the general population has been led to believe, same as the size of the moon
That's unsupported - you couldn't tell me the sizes of the sun, moon and earth when I asked recently. There's no evidence that the sun and moon are roughly equidistant from earth.
. . . the so-called planets appear to have somewhat elliptical orbits!
That's untrue. Since when does "somewhat elliptical" include "retrograde motion"?
The reason that the sun does not and cannot illuminate all of the flat earth all at the same time is because it's orbit in the main is half way between the fixed point of the 'north Star' and the outer circumference of the flat earth
There's no evidence to support that, and it doesn't make sense in a flat earth model.
I believe the sun and the other so called planets rotate above the earth's firmament, but that the moon operates inside it.
Then why did you earlier state "the sun rotates in or around the firmament"? When did you change your mind from "in or around" to "above" and on what grounds? If the sun is above, it's further from the earth than the moon, and would look smaller than the moon from earth (or the sun and moon don't have roughly the same physical diameter).
There are no photographs taken from space, it's all a big lie...
No photographs from high altitude aircraft either? When did you start to think that the earth is flat?
The ISS rotates around the inner edge of the firmament above the flat earth
You're contradicting yourself, as you earlier stated "I don't believe there are any satellites".
Why can't the ISS be photographed in space during daylight hours? And why if the moon is so far away can it be photographed with blue sky behind it, whereas the ISS cannot?
The ISS has been photographed crossing over the face of the moon. You can see some of the results on youtube. It has also been recorded crossing the face of the sun, which was necessarily during daylight hours, of course.